Sociology

Have you ever met with a fifty or 60 year old woman whose boobs looked as sharp pointed as an arrow head Or did you ever meet a man whose face looked like a womans Did you condemn them for who they were or you were pleased by there appearances Did you ask yourself why they had they appeared different from the rest of the society members  It is uncommon for people in the society to think kind of plastic surgery especially.  This is because many people are getting in to the industry to change their body appearance especially if they are criminals, or just want to appear like some else they have seen before.

The main aim for the introduction of this medical department was not just for this particular form.  May be, the term plastic appears as if it originates from the synthetic material plastic but this not the case. This term originates from the word plastikos which is a Greek word standing for mold or reshape, or restore.  So this term should be perceived in a better way after reading this article (Bridy, 169).  Thus, once you hear of the term plastic surgery, think of the art of forming or molding, which is to make better of physical deformation.

Plastic surgery is a vital branch of medicine that was introduced after the First World War in order to be able to use the surgical operation techniques to rehabilitate those whose physical appearance was interfered with during the war.

According to a journal written in Netherlands, between 1914- 1950, there seems to have been a fast growing desire for such surgical operations up to the time Indonesia took her independence.  At this time, the development of plastic surgery was faster in East Indies than it was in Holland.

The history of plastic surgery can further be traced as early as the 880 B.C., but was only managed effectively in the 1880s. John Mettauer is recognized as one of the founders and practitioners of this particular discipline. He is credited to have commenced this practice in the 1927.  He is said to have designed his own surgical tools which he used for the performance of the first palate operation on a cleft by then.
 
In the real sense, the true and successful operations were only practical in1914 as stated earlier.  This was so because the war casualties were badly wounded and really needed assistance from the surgical department in order to rejuvenate their appearances. The technology was used by nations like, the U.S., Germany, Britain, Russia and France during the world war (Blum, 45).

The technology has grown rapidly over the years and even changed the core aim of its introduction.  In the 1940s with practice triggered by both the first and the Second World War, the operation was now performed not only to the war culprits but also sailors and space fighters.  During this time, there were about 150 surgeons registered with the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS). This was a tremendous move in the world of medicine and more specifically to the surgical operations department.
Moreover, the trend moved on and on until in the1990s. For instance, there were more surgical operations most of which were just a form of beauty therapy.  Today, there are more than 5,000 Surgeons certified by the ASPS.  Cosmetic surgery has recently become a culture and it is growing vigorously in the world of music and entertainment as well as romance.

The nose surgery which is called the rhinoplasty is one of the most commonly done surgery type even up to date.  This practice may involve the reshaping, resizing or the general change of the look of the whole nose.  During treatment, the surgeon puts the patient under anesthesia for about two hours within which heshe makes a number of incisions to remove or add some flesh or beauty material that looks real on the body (Caplan, Katz, 331).

Some key personalities common in the field of plastic surgery and funs of it are for example, Michael Jackson (late), Pamela Anderson and Meg Ryan.

Other examples of plastic surgery operations include, cloning, breast augmentation, facelift among others.

Plastic surgery in the North-west of Poland, for instance, has advanced from the ancient time towards the present where today, it is conformed that they have done more than 15,000 successful operations since 1991 at the center for plastic surgery that is owned by one of the certified surgical doctor, Dr. A. Dmytrzak. The doctor has been in the practice for over 20 years and has not only developed his experience through practice in his field but also through teaching practices, tutorials and his ardent attendance to international seminars and surgical forums.

The King Georges medical University is also among the most recognized institutions in the development of surgical medicine. This can be credited to the hard working Dr. Sharma R. who founded the postgraduate department in the university and kept on improving it during his time. It was through the continued field and lab practices that this doctor emerged to be prominent personality in the field. He was appointed the lecture in this department after his serious practice in it. By 1970s, Dr. Sharma was promoted to be a lecturer for the hand surgery after his training (Symons, 235). His promotion to his post has resulted in the development of plastic surgery to greater heights in his country, India.
 
Infrastructural development was not left behind either. The institution also grew complex with time and by the end of the 1970s, there was a vigorous activity in the set up of infrastructure to accommodate both the upcoming cardiothoracic surgery and neurosurgery.

Other incredible figures in the same institute were Dr. Singh S. of the dental surgery department and the MDS, Dr. Pradhan, a lecturer in the department of dental surgery then. With the more advancement both in the infrastructural development and human resource, the surgical department managed to move to its current level of performance which is desirable so far.

The university is a big contributor of literature material for other surgical departments all over the world.  The institute has helped on greater deal in the design of new surgical procedures.  As at now, the department is actively participating in the practice and the nationals are really appreciating the work of this department. Numerous researches have been carried out all over the world in order to help in improving the current state of the plastic surgery performance so as to make it a more comfortable and effective process for both the developed and other developing countries all over the world (Blum, 48).

Development in this field is in record both in the development of new technologies, equipment and complexity of the surgical procedures.  At present, most patients express satisfaction after visiting these centers and some are even trying to have surgery done severally per year unlike in the past when no one could do.

This practice would help the war stricken to gain a new physic and have there external appearance rejuvenated and free from the war scars.  Plastic surgery does not only involve the improvement of ones appearance but also the functional ability to perform some tasks. The surgeons use cosmetic procedures as well as reconstructive approaches to improve a persons image.

 For the case of cosmetic surgery, the surgeons alter a persons body part that the client is not interested in. For example, the removal of fat reserves in the body parts, a process called liposuction.  Also, some people complain of their breast size which they would like them reduced or increased that is, reduction or augmentative mammoplasty respectively (Moore, Costa, 14).  In same instances, the surgical operations could just be achieved through the use of special laser techniques instead of the real surgery. For example, when one wants to got rid of unwanted hairs on a body part or even avoid large scars on the body.

On the other hand, the reconstructive approach of surgery involves the removal of defects that are physical and one was born with. For example these include ear defects, cleft lips and traumatic injuries such as those emerging in lieu of disease aftermath or animal bites. Through the practice, it is possible for women to have their breast rebuild after a surgical operation such as after cancer attack.

Plastic surgery is received with various personal differences in different age groups. For example, among the teens for instance, they are interested in this kind of surgery just to feel good with their peers when they are acceptable. They are in most cases found to form pre-mature decisions for surgery and therefore the doctors in charge must make sure that surgery is being carried out only to a youth who is eligible for the particular program. Otherwise, the doctor could be charged with improper administration of such practice (Langdon, 23).  The adults on the other hand would like surgery to be carried out especially for the improvement of a body part that they were not comfortable with.

There are a number of considerations that one needs to make before the administration of surgical operation. For example, it is important for one to ask himherself of whether the activity is been done due self consciousness that may fade with time and whether this would still be appreciated after the consciousness is faded. Also, since this is a painful experience, most people are advised to check their weight instead of growing over weight and looking for plastic surgery.

For the case of the teens, it is better to wait until they are fully grown before administering surgery because some of their body parts may at first look undersize yet with time these may catch up with the rest of the body.  Some in built feeling may be brushed off through counseling or clinics held by therapist who work with the depressed to assist them in overcoming their ill feeling and to appreciate themselves.

It is advisable for one who wants to be subjected to plastic surgery to inform their relatives and friends and when they find it necessary, then this person meets a surgeon who will assist them to understand the procedure and their expectations for this particular process to done effectively. There are different procedures that come along with the different kinds of surgical operations as stated earlier. Cost implications are also a worth consideration because this also depends on the type of operation the patient is to be subjected through. For reconstructive surgery, they can be covered by medical insurance but cosmetic surgery is all dependent on the patients financial status (Bradley, 54). Cost in most cases will depend on the doctor reputation (surgeon) and expertise as proven by the medical department or other patients, the geographical location from which the operation is being carried out and other additional expense by the surgeon.

The recovery time as indicated earlier is depended on the procedure one is taken through, healing aids availability and the following of after care instructions by the patient. It also conforms to the level of maturity of the person under such an operation.

Plastic surgery has of late gained fame among the youth and young adults.  The increased media advertisement programs that are not selective and discriminative to the youths are the major cause. As a result, most youngsters find themselves selecting a model from the films that they have watched and having the desire to look like them in appearance, the spearhead themselves into acts of plastic surgery. Elsewhere, some go to an extend of copying others character and mode of dressing (Choo, 549).
During the surgical operations, there could also arise some cases of defective results that make the patient even worse. For example, there could be negative reaction with the anesthesia. Additionally, there could also be the formation of blood clots, bleeding or even infections. This does not mean that your doctor is unqualified, but this depends on the nature of the compatibility of your body and the procured processes as well as material implanted. In some cases, doctors may advice a patient to use anti-oxidants which could help their skin rejuvenate and look young other than the direct administration of plastic surgery (Hartman, 61). Some of these ant-oxidants get rid of rough appearance on the skin, improve the immune systems and give a desirable look for wrinkled skin.

If for instance we are to discuss one type of surgical operations that is currently gaining popularity, then it would not be harmful just to have a feel of it. The breast augmentation techniques have its history dating back to over 100 years ago. Currently, this kind of plastic surgery which is classified as a cosmetic surgery and has grown in popularity up to about 476 from the cases reported in the year 1992. In the US for example, it is stated that in the year 2000, over 200,000 women underwent this operation where this number was twice as much as the number that was done the facelift surgery (Longdon, 29).

 Despite the trend, it is still true to say that this kind of surgery is associated with adverse side effects that the ladies involved have always ignored.  Some of these include the hardening of the ointment that the breast ejects after the operation. Also, the implants can migrate occasionally causing infections like seromas while others may result in cancerous infection.

 Despite these problems, the surgical department is working hard to come up with new and better kind of materials that will be used without affecting the health state of the clients. Currently, the tests are being carried out on the soy beans to see if they could work effectively without the adverse effects felt earlier in this technology.

In conclusion, women can be said to be searching for perfection at the expense of their natural health and hygienic stature which is usually more desirable. Also, it is true to say that surgical operations are appropriate for those who feel that they need a new look on their faces so long as they can afford it and manage their state thereafter.