Sociology

The minds of the young are like wet clay, they are malleable, easily formed into a desired shape and the longer you let it stay in the desired shape you want the more likely it wont ever change.

Teaching religion to children in schools indoctrinates them into a certain way of thinking. Religion with all its rules, doctrines precepts, commands, limitations and biases are imparted on to young impressionable minds thus creating a set of principals for them based on what they have learned. It is a well known fact that what a child learns in hisher formative years will directly translate into what sort of adult they will become. For example prohibitions of the religion of Islam against the consumption of pork will lead to an adult who wont eat pork. In the religion of Islam when it is taught that women are not the equal of men, that they are the source of sin, that they are mere properties and that their husbands are allowed to punish and abuse them now imagine saying this onto a young impressionable little girl. Instead of this individual growing up to become a strong independent women she will become a subservient wife who believes that she is the origin of sin and that its alright for her husband to abuse her. What religion does is that it sets the mind towards a certain way of thinking, that this way of thinking and acting is the best way for you to enter heaven. As adults we have a tendency to question and ask why we should do such things and make decisions for ourselves as to whether we should do them or not. This is not so for children who emulate actions rather easily and believe immediately what is said to them by adults. They dont usually question and rather assume what is said is the truth and the best for them and try to emulate it. This is technically not exactly a good thing, accepting everything as fact and emulating it immediately in your life without taking into consideration other potential avenues would result in that person growing up with a rather limited view of what the world really is. For example in the religion of Islam children are taught that women are not as good when it comes to men when it comes to professional jobs and that they should just stay at home and be homemakers and raise the children. We know this to be false since a vast majority of women are just as good or even better than most men when it comes to their professional careers however is due to perceptions taught to them early on during their formative years of education that a lot of people in the Arab world still discriminate against women in the work place even if that woman is far more capable than a man when it comes to doing that particular job.  Religion to an extent is a limiting factor for the social and emotional growth of individuals, while it may be true that religion does limit a persons tendencies toward criminal behavior teaching it early on may be more of hindrance than a boon. Children should be given the option as to what religion they would like to follow when they are mentally prepared to make that decision and not have that decision forced upon them.

Synthesis of Article
The article The impact of religion on childrens development by Azam Kamguian show what it is like to for a child to be educated in a restrictive religious context. Wherein young girls are taught early on that they are the origin of sin, that they should be humble before their husbands and that home abuse is perfectly fine. It relates to the course since it points out that being taught religion at an early time results in the indoctrination of an individual into a lifestyle that is neither of their choosing and is in fact detrimental towards their development as individuals as being reprehensively wrong and should be changed.  The main points of the article are that being taught religion early on sets limitations for how a person is able to think, that religious doctrines are being forced onto individuals who should be spending their formative years being children and having fun and that religion sets up how these individuals will grow up in the future and that sometimes the way in which they are taught to grow up isnt necessarily the best way of growing up.

Significance of the article
The article is significant in that shows the worst possible outcome of a religious education. In the U.S. religious doctrines are not enforced upon young minds rather the teacher has to be religiously neutral in all aspects of education. For me this is a good thing, allowing a student to see how other religions are and over the course of their life pick one which they believe is the most suitable for them. The article shows the effects of what would happen should religion be forcefully taught and indoctrinated onto children and how this would be detrimental towards a childs development as an individual.

 How has the article enlightened my perception.
For me the article clearly showed what it means to live an indoctrinated, religious lifestyle. To which I say I want nothing to do with it. Religion is suppose to be something which you keep close to your heart, something which you truly believe in due to your lifes experiences. Having something forced on you and having no other choice but to follow on through with it for me is  a very limiting life and is not conducive towards open mindedness.

Important questions raised by the author.
The author didnt raise any particular questions open ended or otherwise.

Americans have been in love with cars for nearly a century now. Over the decades, the infatuation has turned into serious addiction. Car is an accessory of affluence, and has become one of the key symbols of the Western society in general, but it is particularly associated with America. It would be impossible to conceive American society without cars. However, let us imagine the impossible as a thought exercise a hypothetical scenario of cities and towns across America without the car as a personal mode of transport.  How would the absence of car affect the society What sort of changes would it entail on the attitudes of common people Such a situation would of course be very complex with manifold aspects to it. Let us briefly explore some of these now.

Before we do so, however, we must first establish some possible context for the sudden disappearance of the car. Lets say, the global warming situation on the planet has become very serious, and all the countries of the world are required to do whatever they could to drastically cut down carbon emissions in order to ensure the survival of humanity, and America has decided to lead the path toward restoration of the earths environmental balance. As a part of this process, cars would be rapidly phased out and public transport would proliferate. How would people cope with such a situation How would they adapt to it

American culture has been all about independence, individuality and pursuit of personal happiness. But requiring people all of a sudden to travel and commute only by public means of transportation such as buses and trains would greatly strain this fundamental ethos of American culture. This could, however, have many beneficial influences too. It could create a balance between individualism and collectivism. Just as an overly strong emphasis on the collective enterprise overshadowing the individual initiative is an unhealthy trend, the vice versa, i.e., vehemently stressing the individual initiative while neglecting the group synergy could be seen as not a wholly healthy way of life. Over the decades and centuries, individualism has become deeply entrenched in the American psyche, there is no doubt about it. Americans are fiercely individualistic  but it could do us some good if we chip away some of this individualism in favor of promoting a collective ethic, thereby tempering one thing with the other.

Whether voluntary or not, the gesture of sacrificing some comfort and convenience in order to help create a better future for mankind will have a dramatic impact on the collective consciousness, a new notion of collective effort would rapidly emerge and spread. The majority of people would not, understandably, like the enormous sacrifices they are required to make, but at the same time, considering the bigger picture and the role they have to play in it, most people would try to come to terms with the new realities. In the process, American culture itself would change. Individualism is the very identity of American culture and it forms the core of our social values, and there is no need for individualism to wane simply because cars have disappeared. Individualism would still be one of our most cherished values, only, our version of individualism would have matured and mellowed considerably, it would be the kind of individualism which could accommodate more of the group spirit.

Of course, any society by definition must include and accommodate a considerable degree of collective ethic, but giving up cars for the sake of the planets environment and would take collective ethic to a wholly new level. An America without cars could have much in common with the America of the Second World War. People are required to give up much by way of freedom and comfort so as to make the nation stronger in the face of the enemy. While such times are difficult, they could be exciting too. The collective initiative would forge a greater bond between people, and many people could be proud of the small contribution they are making to avert great disasters from happening. Just as war times bring out new and possibly unsuspected reserves of courage, energy and determination from the people of a proud nation, the great fight for the global environmental wellbeing would bring out and foster the essential human spirit within us, the thing that binds us with our fellow people. Not only would we have a heightened sense of collective endeavor at the national level, but since this is essentially a global drive, there would emerge a marked spirit of oneness with all the nations and peoples of the earth.

If scientists were to tell us tomorrow that a huge asteroid is going to collide with the planet very soon, and that all the nations of the world have to join hands and put in great efforts on a project to repulse this asteroid, we can imagine what kind of spirit and unity such a call for urgent action would invoke among all the people of the world. Similarly, a situation of acute environmental crisis requiring extreme measures such as the abolition of the personal car can have several positive influences in the manner it spurs a sense of common purpose among vast sections of people.

In this world, freedom and responsibility go together. While the car is undoubtedly a potent symbol of personal freedom, people would realize more and more that they are living in times that place great focus on collective responsibility. People would gradually overcome the heavy resentment they might have initially experienced for forcibly giving up their cars. People would learn to see this  and perhaps many other depriving measures that would be accompanying the abolition of cars in humanitys desperate bid to save the planet  in a more positive light. Many people would be compelled to change their whole outlook of life, whereas earlier they have mostly lived for themselves and their family, now their lives have a vastly bigger context. Instead of mourning the loss of the personal conveyance, a great number of people could get over the massive physical constraint it would impose and could actually be exhilarated at the new found freedom of mind.

Cars are (or were) instruments of movement and freedom, but the broad mindset that generally goes with owning and using one or more cars could be a rather limited and a limiting one. A car is not only a symbol of freedom, but very often it is also a symbol of ego and personal power. The problem with the ego is that while it could be normal and healthy in some ways, in fact a very essential thing underpinning our concept of civilization and progress, it could be detrimental and dangerous in other ways and especially when it exceeds certain limits. Abandoning of car can be seen as a blow to our egos, but at the same time it can also be seen as opening up new avenues for ways of thinking that are less burdened with the ego. People could experience this as a new liberating feeling where they are encouraged to transcend themselves and their petty lives. The ego has strong tendencies toward pettiness, and being loosened from the smothering grip of the ego could mean the disappearance of various forms of pettiness from peoples lives, e.g., jealousy, envy, impatience, intolerance and so on. A very interesting thing here is that one healthy tendency could trigger another healthy tendency and a cascade of positive changes could set in.

Physical health levels would dramatically improve too. Today, obesity and various allied illnesses, all caused by a sedentary lifestyle, have become a major curse on our society. But the absence of car would necessitate cycling and walking in significant amounts, and this would have dramatic impact on the state of our health and the shape of our body. Again, this could be just the beginning of many healthy trends where we learn to reorient ourselves to our bodies and learn to enjoy doing physical work, just as the pioneers of this land did.

Economically too, people would make considerable savings accruing from the differences between purchasing, using, and maintaining a car or two and using cheap public conveyance. These savings could be prudently put to use in ways that can cause much larger benefits, for example, via right investments or buying good books and so on.

Today, the levels of our students competence of math and science are alarmingly diminishing however in a car-less society when everybody is feeling the sharp pinch of the lack of cars, there would be much greater incentive for young students to more enthusiastically study science-related subjects in order to find alternative and viable fuel solutions.

In short, the sudden absence of car could galvanize the society as a whole to move in the direction of positive change. As ironical as it may seem, it could jumpstart a whole revolution for the greater good.

Sklars essay is a political, social, and economic description of the United States. It is a political account in the sense that American politics is viewed as an offshoot of a perverted form of liberal democracy  a political system where race and ethnicity are major determinants to political power. It is a social account in the sense that American culture is both optimistic and dangerous. Indeed, American culture is the rubric of opportunity and progress but also opportunism and discrimination. While some groups are favored, other groups are oppressed and discriminated, as in the case of African-Americans. The history of the United States, as one historian noted, is the history of oppression and cruelty  the contradiction of all liberal and Christian values.

1- what issue did you discuss in the paper
The essay is also an economic narrative of the country. The American market is the avenue of inequalities  in wealth, opportunity, employment. The laborers are disposable tools of production. Labor becomes an appendage of capital  indeed, a necessity in the production process. What do the workers get in return Essentially, they have incomes below or little above the poverty line. The managers, executives, and owners are handsomely paid, in the form of cash, capital, stocks, and other liquid assets. Now, this inequality in the production process (in general, in the substructure) is the source of all economic inequalities.

2- Focus on ONE issue only, and discuss why you think it is contemporarily relevant. Of the three theoretical perspectives outlined in chapter one which do you believe that Sklar holds Do you agreedisagree with her position Explain whywhy not.

Power, position, and income are functions of general inequality in the production process. Those who hold capital or control the production process have generally access to power and position. In American society, legislators and other officials originated from the upper classes  where individual members control a significant portion of the countrys capital. Income is a direct offspring of inequality. It is indeed the manifestation of inequality. Those who own capital often have high incomes those who labor for capital are left to rot in a consumeristic society. Sklars critique of the American economic structure is Marxian in orientation because it views inequality as a function of class distinction (which is partly false because it can be the other way around).

3-Of the three theoretical perspectives which one would you prefer to use if you were a sociologist And why
From a Marxian perspective, this inequality is not merely the manifestation of a social divide. It is in itself the manifestation of a struggle between classes. As Marx argued
Hitherto, every form of society has been based, as we have already seen, on the antagonism of oppressing and oppressed classes. But in order to oppress a class, certain conditions must be assured to it under which it can, at least, continue its slavish existence (Ritzer, 2001312).

It is also a result of conflicting situations  a battle between historicity and formality. In essence, conditions are irrelevant if they do not fit with formalities. If one merely views American history as a synthesis of conditions, then one fails to grasp the essential nature of formalities (thesis). A sufficient condition is necessary to achieve a critical view of American history  historical dialectical materialism.

Marxian perspective views inequality in the production process (in American society) as a general social issue. This is however insufficient. A down to earth approach must be used to assess its microcosmic effects (Henslin, 2009). Inequality in the production process, as sociologists noted, lead to inequalities in the social-political realm. The progressive advance of wealth as a form of advantage distorts equality in general. Indeed, as Meyer noted, the essential focus of inequality is its own reproduction in forms which the human mind rarely recognizes (Meyer, 200349).

In the Islamic religion a person who commits adultery or murder is punishable by death. The individual is supposed to be stoned to death by the community.  In most cases of adultery the woman is the one who is stoned to death. There are different opinions on this issue. Many believe that the victim is not given time to explain himselfherself adequately before the judgment. This is not fair at all and at the same time it is taking laws into ones hands. This is supposed to be the governments work. Some believe that, it is violation against the women because they are the ones who are mostly stoned whereas they were not alone because there must have been a man. Stoning a murderer to death does not solve anything because two wrongs cannot make a right.

Cattle rustling
Cattle rustling is a practice common among the pastoralists living in the marginalized areas in Africa. For them stealing cattle from other communities is not a deviance but a means of acquiring wealth. For example a young man who is ready to marry is supposed to go for a raid and come back with cattle for the payment of the dowry. In regard to this there are different opinions. First, during the practice a lot of force is used which means that loss of lives is encountered and also destruction of properties. Others feel that this is backward and uncivilized.

Female Genital Mutilation F.G.M
This is a practice practiced by communities which still follow the African traditions. The girls are circumcised and then married off to men who are at times old enough to be their fathers. The girls in most cases are circumcised at a tender age which means that they are married off when they are underage. With civilization people have come up with different opinions. Some feel that the practice undermines the dignity of a woman, it also denies a woman pleasure when she gets married and at the same time the practice is performed by unqualified persons in unsafe environment and hence exposing them to some diseases and even to death due to the bleeding.

Child Labour
This is employing underage children to work which is against the law but is not deviant when for example if an individual who is working in urban area and back there at his her rural home there is a niece or nephew who is an orphan, takes himher as a house help the person will not be deviating  . For critics, they feel that since the minor will be working and not going to school so it will be denial of education.

Abortion
The ability for a woman to choose whether a child will or will not exist is a very powerful ability. There are millions of cases of abortion each year. Many can be considered deviant while others are non deviant. Abortion will not be deviant behavior if the reasoning is non selfish. For example in the case of a rape victim, birth defect and inability to develop babies correctly. Some people have different opinions and say that if one can conceive it then one has the ability to raise it. In addition, if the person takes the responsibility of sex lightly that does not give them right to be a murder. Many women waste lives each year to make their lives easier and should be punished.

Oklahoma had, since the beginning of the nineteenth century, become the residence of choice for thousands of African Americans. Originally, the area which was to become Tulsa was inhabited by the Creek and Cherokee Indians who owned black slaves. Following the declaration of Emancipation, the freed slaves chose to settle in the same area. By the close of the century, Tulsa had become a large city while the population of the state of Oklahoma had hit two million. By this time, the booming city had attracted white American emigrants, particularly from the south. With the coming of the white Americans and the expansion of the city, the freed slaves found it increasingly difficult to live side by side with their white counterparts. The law barred blacks from owning property or businesses in the city who were also supposed to leave the white zones of the city by sunset (Carter, n.d). Predictably then, black American population established their settlement apart from the now white dominated part of Tulsa. Greenwood was therefore the result of segregationist policy. As the black population got more and more empowered economically, the African-American neighbourhood became very prosperous, earning the title Black Wall Street.

In 1921, an event took place which altered the history of Greenwood- or the Black Wall Street- irreversably. On May 31, 1921, Dick Rowland, a nineteen-year-old black American boy was accused of sexually assaulting Sarah Page, a seventeen-year-old white female elevator operator in a building along Tulsas Main Street (Carrillo 4). Rowland, a shoe-shiner, had been riding the same elevator as Page, which he had done many times before (Carter). It is alleged that people heard Page scream when the elevator reached the lobby, and saw Rowland fleeing from the scene. Rowland was consequently arrested for raping a white woman on a public elevator in broad daylight (Oklahoma Commission iv).
It would help to shed light on some changes which prevailed in Tulsa around that time. The commissions appointed to investigate the murderous riots confirmed that the white supremacist outfit, the Klu Klux Klan, had been gaining popularity in Tulsa. In fact, the commission observed, that within months of the riot, Tulsas Klan chapter had become one of the nations largest and most powerful, able to dictate its will with the ballot as well as the whip (Oklahoma Commission 11).

On arrest, Rowland was locked in a cell at the citys county courthouse. Shortly afterwards, the Tulsa Tribune published a front-page article on the Rowland story which was accompanied by an editorial column titled To Lynch Negro Tonight. Not long after the paper was circulated in the city, white people started milling around the courthouse, determined to lynch the shoe-shining teenager. Agitated and equally determined to defend their own, the Blacks too joined the crowd outside the courthouse. As expected, tensions between the two agitated groups exploded and soon, gunshots rent the air as both groups turned their weapons on each other. While the Blacks were at first able to hold off the whites, they were soon overwhelmed by the white Americans who had more weapons and whom, as the Oklahoma Commission (11) established were given guns by the police and other public officials. Government officials were also found to have been directly involved in the destruction which accompanied the riots. The white invaders proceeded to the Greenwood district where they looted homes, killed and maimed people before setting their homes and business premises alight. In the end, an estimated 1, 256 homes had been destroyed, alongside a hospital, a library, churches, schools and businesses. Property then worth an estimated 1.8 million was destroyed. Approximately 300 people, most of them black, lost their lives during the riots (Carrillo 4 Oklahoma Commission 13).

The story would make it easy to dismiss Tulsas white population as intolerant and inhuman. However, thousands of white Americans from Tulsa and neighbouring region did much to help the grief-stricken victims of the riots. While the city authorities were opposed to any assistance to help the victims rebuild the city, and their lives, the American Red Cross, and individual white Tulsans provided the much needed assistance. Greenwood however never really recovered fully from the impact of the riots. Eventually, the African Americans rebuilt what they could and resettled. To this day however, Tulsas African American population lives on one side of the Interstate 244 (Brune).

Many would have expected that many or some of those who had taken part in the orgy of violence in Greenwood would be prosecuted, and punished, for their crimes. On the contrary, none of the rioters was prosecuted by government at any level, municipal, county, state or federal (Oklahoma Commission 13). Neither did the government of the day, or any later regimes make an attempt to compensate the victims of the Tulsa Riots. Over 80 years later, the Tulsa riots victims were yet to receive any form of compensation (The Crisis 11).

The structure of a society is based on the principle of predictability of social and individual behavior patterns.  This determines how we act and react in our individual as well as social capacity.  This predictability of behavior is sought with a view to achieve certain objectives, and is mostly done by rewarding and promoting certain activities and behavior patterns on one end of the social spectrum, and discouraging andor punishing another set of activities and behavior patterns on the other end.

Introduction

Control Theory  First Instance
Our nasal cavitys mucous membrane continuously produces wet mucus to remove dust particles and pathogens from the air flowing through the cavity.  In most cases, the cilia lining the nasal cavity moves this mucus to the oral cavity where we inadvertently swallow it  However, in most cases, the mucus stuck closer to the nostril opening cannot be thus removed, hence causing it to lose its moisture, become hard and cause a sense of irritation.  It is thus a natural reaction when we try to dislodge the offending object.

A 1995 study on rhinotillexomania (compulsive nose picking) even found that 91 of the participants admitted to the habit of nose picking.  However, despite the fact that it is the bodys natural reaction to dislodge an irritating object and that a lot of people may privately indulge in this, the action is still frowned upon in most societies and elicits responses ranging from disgust to revulsion.  (Jefferson, 1995)

Unfortunately, like most children, I too have picked my nose during the early years of my childhood.  I specifically remember one particular instance of indulging in this habit while in public  with an utter disregard for either my horrified parents or the other adults present in our house at that time, whose reactions had ranged between pretending that they could not see me, mild amusement, nervousness, attempts to suppress any regurgitative instincts, frowning, seeking my parents attention and, of course, chiding me for my unruly behavior.

While some may argue that we need to be more considerate towards our bodys natural needs, I for one would feel rightly snubbed if  heavens forbid  I ever find myself engaging in this exercise in public again, even if in the company of complete and total strangers.  Nose-picking, hence, is rightly seen as a deviant behavior, and is even treated as a disorder in severe cases.  While it breaks no laws stated in statute books or otherwise, it does contradict the very code of social behavior that an individual is expected to adhere to when in the presence of others.

Therefore, using Travis Hirshis control theory, one can understand why it is important to actively discourage this habit in children from the very early stages of childhood through outer controls exerted in the form of parental disapproval and peer ridicule since it is these very controls that later reinforces a persons inner controls, such as a sense of social etiquettes, enabling them not only to resist indulging in nose picking while in public, but also to actively discourage it in others.  (Browne, 2005)  

Control Theory  Second Instance
While eating out with others, we have to be mindful of not only our table manners, but also of the cultural and religious sensitivities of the host andor the guests present at the table.  It is, thus, understandable how instances of belching or excessive drinking are frowned upon on at all such social occasions.  Once again, no one can be booked for having broken the law if they indulge in a loud burp  reminiscent of Homer Simpsons beer burp  at the end of their course, but they will be rightly frowned upon by all those present on the occasion.  It is once again the case of behavior patterns that are considered as not acceptableappropriate in a social setting.

I, fortunately, do not indulge in belching or burping while eating out with others.  However, if ever dining out with a largely vegetarian crowd, I still choose to order non-vegetarian foodstuff and gladly consume it in their presence.  In doing so, I am often made to feel like a deviant with responses ranging from frowns of disapproval to active attempts at converting me away from a non-vegetarian way of life.

Once again, using Travis Hirshis control theory, I find myself subjected to outer controls of public perceptionsdisapproval  something that Hirshi had also touched upon in his labeling theory  but I still willingly choose to disregard these outer controls with the realization that while some may find my actions questionable, I am simply opting to exercise my rights to order from the menu that what I would like to eat and not what people would like to see me eating.  (Browne, 2005)  

As pointed out by Howard Becker, it is not the act itself, but the social reaction to it that makes it deviant or otherwise.  And since there is no such thing as a universal monolithic societal structure with each society is in a state of constant flux, what is viewed as conforming or deviant in nature may vary greatly from one society to another, from one point in time to another, and even from one dining table to another.  Therefore, when I choose to order stake when dining out with friends who are vegetarian, I do so with the realization that while they may find my choice poor, I would not be judged so by my non-vegetarian friends. (Becker, 1986)
 
Conclusion
In my opinion, actors and forces representing outer and inner control can have a significant bearing on an individuals leaning towards or away from a course of action and, hence, their propensity to be seen as deviating from or conforming to established social standards.   Similarly, as Hirshi has pointed out in the labeling theory, these controls greatly influence how a person is perceived by other members of the society and, more importantly, how he is presented to others.  Once again, this has a significant bearing on an individuals actions.  Therefore, as opposed to Edwin Sutherlands differential association theory, while an individuals personality and their past social experiences play an important role in most of their decisionsactions, these do not operate in isolation and most individuals are almost-always mindful of the outer and inner controls in their life  - as pointed out by Hirshi. (Browne, 2005)

It is extremely important for students especially those studying business to do a course related to liberal arts. Liberal art studies are not just important to make a career in business but they also help the people become professionals and to mould their lives into an appropriate form that shows them the path to success. Liberal art studies are all about languages, cultures and literature. Moreover, it also consists of various philosophies and sciences that deals with the general cultural concern and provides information related to it. These studies are taught to the students to know their environment closely. The world is changing at a very fast pace today due to the improvements in the technology that are effecting each and every person and business existing in the world today. New technologies are being introduced by innovators every now and then and the old ones are being replaced with something more innovative than the previous one. Nokia for instance, is a company that manufactures and sells mobile phones to the countries worldwide and Nokia is coming up with new cell phones by changing designs and specifications in order to encourage the people to buy their product. Moreover, competition is an important consideration that the organizations must make in order to stay intact in the market place(Kelly  Littman).

Continuing with the example of the importance of liberal studies for a career in business, I would say that liberal art studies play a major role in the success of the individuals. Studying liberal arts makes an individual think in a critical way and to come up with arguments and ideas in a way that is not just logical but comprehensive as well. The most important part of this is that the ideas that are proposed by the individuals fulfill multiple points of views of different people. Liberal studies helps in boosting the creative thinking abilities of a person and makes him more conscious about social responsibility. In the business arena, social responsibility plays an important role for the businesses to progress and this is a part of what liberal studies teach the business students. However, the concept of social responsibility comes after the other things are being told to the students. Even an individual plays a vital role in the progress and the development of the society and so everyone must be socially responsible to the community to help it develop(Pink 21).

Business persons need to be creative in order to reap the most from what they sell to the customers and for this they need to be creative. Liberal art studies also help the individuals develop their creativity and it boosts their personal growth and makes them wiser that helps them in being able to adjust with the changes taking place around them. Solving problems needs creativity as this helps them come up with new ideas and ways that can bring a change in the society. Not just the liberal arts course makes an individual more problem solving but it also encourages and motivates them to learn new things. Learning promulgates further learning and the new perceptions that are developed make a person more creative. Liberal art studies gives way to self growth that further develops potential within an individual to achieve his future endeavors in life. Growth and wisdom comes mainly from the experiences an individual has in its life, however this is amplified by the critical thinking skills and creativity an individual possess. It makes them more curious about knowing more about various disciplines and cultures and also motivates them to continue their learning experience in future as well(Wilner).

Johnson  Johnson is a name recognized worldwide and the policy of the company is to provide equal employment opportunities to the people and this is why they encourage people from any race or creed and gender to apply for employment at the company and since the employees at Johnson  Johnson work with the people belonging to various other cultures, they need to understand them in order to work with them in an effective manner. Here, it is also proved why liberal art studies help in making a career in business and these also help in creating value to the business as developing all these skills in oneself is essential for a business to progress and this is why the liberal studies are important. In order to disseminate particular set of values, a religion highlights all the positive things about it so that other people belonging to different religions are impressed and they praise the followers.

I would thus conclude by saying that creativity is essential for success especially beacuse it enables a person to drag oneself out of a problem solving situation. Today, there has been a very rapid growth of technology and various philosophies have been introduced that further help the people make their career in business. Last but not least, it is essential for every businessperson to be ethical at all times and also to ensure that the business is taking care of corporate social responsibility just like Johnson  Johnson did when they were facing the Tylenol crisis.